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The Grim Reapers Motorcycle Club was an outlaw motorcycle club, founded in 1967〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''The Encyclopedia of Canadian Organized Crime: From Captain Kidd to Mom Boucher'', by Peter Edwards and Michel Auger, McLelland & Stewart Ltd., 2004, p. 87 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers'', by Daniel R. Wolf, University of Toronto Press, 1991, p. 322 )〕 in Calgary, Alberta, that was active during the sixties and seventies, and grew to become a dominant club in the region during the eighties and nineties.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers'', by Daniel R. Wolf, University of Toronto Press, 1991, p. 322 )〕 They were apparently independent of a US-based motorcycle club of the same name that was founded in 1965 in Louisville, Kentucky.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Understanding Organized Crime'', by Stephen L. Mallory, Jones & Bartlett, 2007, p. 161 )〕 Along with the ''Rebels'', the ''Warlords'', and ''King's Crew'', they were one of the four dominant outlaw motorcycle clubs operating in Alberta prior to 1997. In 1997, the club became part of the Hells Angels in a patch-over ceremony held in Red Deer, Alberta.〔(''Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick in the Canadian Hells Angels'', by Jerry Langton, John Wiley & Sons Canada Ltd, 2006, pp 180-184 )〕 In 1970, 11 members and 2 associates were sentenced to life in prison for the murder of Ronald Hartley, president of the Outcasts Motorcycle Club. After an appeal several members were released and others had their sentences reduced. Two members were eventually convicted and sentenced to life in prison for the murder.〔, date: 1972-01-25. (Internet Archive)〕 The Grim Reapers were listed as an "Outlaw Motorcycle Gang" by Criminal Intelligence Service Canada.〔(''Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs'', Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (CISC) Report, 2000 )〕 In 1997, primarily because of public outcry due to escalating violence in eastern Canada between the Rock Machine and the Hells Angels' Quebec chapters, the Canadian government passed Bill C-95 which amended the Criminal Code (and other legislation) to give Canadian law enforcement organizations powers similar to those provided to their American counterparts via RICO.〔(''CBC News In Depth: Biker Gangs in Canada'', CBC News On-line, April 5, 2007 )〕 Several former members of the Reapers, later to become members of the Hells Angels' Western Canadian chapters, were eventually successful in their challenge of charges brought against them under the new legislation as a result of events that occurred in relation to their patch-over gathering in Red Deer. In 2005, the bikers in Alberta won a major court victory when a judge ruled that police violated their constitutional rights during a roadside check in 1997.〔(''Canada's Anti-gang Law'', CBC News On-line, April 10, 2006 )〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grim Reapers Motorcycle Club (Canada)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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